Monaco: A Small Nation Making Big Waves in Conservation of Seahorses, their relatives, and our seas.

The Principality of Monaco recently hosted “Saving Iconic Fishes 2024,” the first-ever in-person meeting of the global expert group on conservation of seahorses, pipefish, and seadragons [1]. While it may be small in size, Monaco is clearly huge when it comes to leadership in ocean conservation. The landmark gathering of experts from 23 countries advanced critical solutions for protecting these magical fishes while also celebrating Monaco's pivotal role as a global champion for all ocean life.

Monaco has a notable history of significant contributions to seahorse conservation. As a determined advocate for these quirky fishes, Monaco has led in improving the implementation of their global export regulations under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). As a generous supporter, Monaco’s contributions have included funding critical initiatives to ensure the sustainable trade of seahorses and safeguarding wild populations. As a globally respected leader in ocean science, Monaco sponsored International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Resolution 95, rallying 1,450 organizations worldwide to protect seahorses, pipefishes, and seadragons.

"Our Principality has a long-standing commitment to preserving marine biodiversity and fostering global collaboration," said Mrs. Isabelle Rosabrunetto, General Director of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation. "Like seahorses, we are here to work hand in hand—or should I say, tail in tail—for the future of our oceans."

“Monaco is small but mighty, just like our seahorses. Its leadership in ocean conservation has set a global standard, punching far above its weight to inspire action worldwide. We are profoundly grateful to be hosted by the Principality and for its commitment to safeguarding marine biodiversity and advancing the global conservation agenda,” Prof. Amanda Vincent, Chair of the IUCN SSC Seahorse, Pipefish, and Seadragon Specialist Group.

The meeting marked significant milestones, including the advancement of Red List assessments for over 30 syngnathid species, the completion of the first-ever translocation guidelines, new analyses of how climate change is affecting our fishes, and strong communication strategies to engage managers and policymakers in conserving these remarkable species and their habitats. 

Building on the momentum of this event, the global experts on these iconic fishes and their partners are committed to advancing conservation efforts worldwide. Future plans include a global identification of seahorse and pipefish hotspots, developing universal protocols for seahorse field studies, and a new regional approach to syngnathid conservation in Southeast Asia. With the course set, the specialist group stands united in ensuring a thriving future for these iconic fishes and the oceans they call home.

[1] The IUCN SSC Seahorse, Pipefish and Seadragon Specialist Group

This Halloween, Our Researchers Bring Ghost Pipefishes Out of the Shadows

The global expert group on seahorse, pipefish and seadragon conservations[1], hosted by Project Seahorse, is inviting the world to help shed light on the mysterious ghost pipefishes. In these fantastic fishes, the females create a pouch with their fins to serve as a nest for the developing babies. We know little else.

Ghost pipefishes, close relatives of seahorses and seadragons, don’t get nearly as much attention as their famous cousins, where the male carries the babies. With Halloween here, it’s a spooktacular time to spotlight these species. Their eerie appearances, sneaky camouflage tricks, and mysterious names - like harlequin ghost pipefish and armoured ghost pipefish—add to their charm. Beyond that, almost everything about their life-history, populations, and threats remains a mystery.

Project Seahorse research biologist Syd Ascione has conducted a literature review – the first ever for this group of fishes – that is raising questions about their conservation status on the IUCN Red List, which assesses the extinction risk of species.

“Take the halimeda ghost pipefish—it’s classified as 'Data Deficient'. We don’t know if it's faring well or silently disappearing,” said Ascione. “We need at least some data to assess their status or develop precautionary conservation strategies.”

Scarily, we do know that ghost pipefish are vulnerable to the destruction of their fragile coral reef and seaweed habitats, both of which are under considerable pressure from human activities. Given their allure among scuba divers, these quirky fishes have the potential to serve as ambassadors for their homes and inspire action to reduce fisheries impact and climate change.

Project Seahorse is encouraging ocean enthusiasts to get involved by reporting sightings of these enigmatic fishes on iNaturalist.org. With every reported observation, researchers learn more about species distribution, habitat use and possible environmental pressures.

“We need lots of support to create effective conservation strategies for these species. Their unique nature and high economic value for the scuba diving industry make this information critical,” said Dr. Maarten De Brauwer, Focal point for Ghost Pipefishes in the global expert group.

Through research, collaboration, and community engagement, we aim to ensure these fascinating species don’t slip through the cracks—a horror story we are determined to avoid. So, join us in this quest and help make sure these “ghostly” fish are around for years to come.  


[1] Seahorse, Pipefish and Seadragon Specialist Group for the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Survival Commission (SSC).  The IUCN serves as the umbrella union for the vast majority of conservation organizations: government,  non-governmental,  research, indigenous and ore.

Seahorses! Curly-tailed wonders of the sea

Listen to our member Dr. Heather Koldewey (Senior Technical Advisor at the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), UK and co-Founder of Project Seahorse) share what it’s like to swim with seahorses on this fun podcast by Brains On: https://www.brainson.org/episode/2024/07/30/seahorses-curlytailed-wonders-of-the-sea

Hippocampus guttulatus.. Photo by Magda Nenciu / Guylian Seahorses of the World

Happy Lunar New Year from the IUCN Seahorse Pipefish and Seadragon Specialist Group

Happy Lunar New Year and Year of the (Sea)Dragon!


We are the global expert group on (sea)dragon conservation. Learn about these magical fishes at www.iucn-seahorse.org/seadragon. To safeguard seadragons, Australia needs to protect their seagrass, kelp & sponge habitats. If you spot a seadragon this year, record your sightings at seadragonsearch.org!

Project Seahorse leads efforts to improve regulation of international seahorse trade in Asia

An account by Dr. Sarah Foster, Focal Point for Global Trade at the IUCN SSC Seahorse, Pipefish and Seadragon Specialist Group, of the recent workshop that brought together government representatives and experts from eight different countries to discuss seahorse conservation.